Carbamide-ammonium UAN mixture – a mixture of aqueous solutions of ammonium nitrate and carbamide. This is the only nitrogen fertilizer that includes all three forms of nitrogen, due to which the action of UAN is prolonged and the plants are supplied with nitrogen longer. The mixture contains 50% amide form of nitrogen, 25% ammonium, 25% nitrate.
UAN-28, UAN-30, UAN-32 are issued, in which the share of nitrogen is 28, 30, 32%, respectively. UAN-32 crystallizes at 0°C, while UAN-30 crystallizes at -9°C, and UAN-28 at -17°C.
Therefore, in cold weather, it is better to use UAN-28.
Advantages of UAN
- UAN provides prolonged nutrition of plants with nitrogen, allows you to adjust the nutrition in the key phases of plant growing, increase the missing factors in development, to obtain the necessary characteristics of commercial products (protein, gluten, brewing barley, etc.);
- Has high application efficiency in all climatic zones, including "dry";
- The cost of nitrogen in UAN is lower, since nitrogen costs do not exceed 10% of total nitrogen when UAN is applied, while 30-40% when applying granular nitrogen fertilizers;
- UAN application as liquid fertilizers is more even than it is posible for solid and granular;
- Reduces technological costs, due to the possibility of combining UAN introduction in a mixture with pesticides and other liquid mineral fertilizers (in the first place, with micronutrients);
- It is possible to use for fractional fertilizing of vegetative plants. At the same time, root and foliar top feeding can take place;
- UAN 32 is non-toxic, non-flammable and not-explosive, does not pollute the environment. Due to the lack of free ammonia in the UAN, it does not evaporate into the atmosphere;
- Can be transported in any capacity – plastic, stainless, carbon steel.
Timing of UAN usage
- In the autumn – for basic processing;
- In the spring – under sowing treatment;
- During the growing season of crops for foliar (leaf) and root nutrition.
Requirements for equipment for making UAN
Fertilizer must be used with specially equipped sprayers. If there are no special sprayers for UAN in the farm, it is possible to modernize the agricultural machinery available in the enterprise (seeders, cultivators) for applying liquid fertilizers. Re-equipment uses special reinforced tanks with a volume of 250 to 5000 liters, special chemically resistant hoses, stainless clamps, chemically resistant two-component paints.
To monitor and regulate the rate of flow of working fluid per unit area, on-board sprayer computers must be used. These systems provide fully automatic support for the previously set rate of fluid consumption when introducing liquid fertilizers, regardless of the speed of the machine, allow the operator to monitor all the main spray parameters:
- operating speed, km/h;
- working fluid consumption, l/ha;
- treated area, ha;
- the path traveled by the unit, km;
- operating time, h;
- total fluid flow rate, l;
- working pressure in the system, Bar;
- working fluid flow rate, l/min;
- valve status (open/close).
